Int . Conference on Digital Audio Effects ( DAFx - 07 ) , Bordeaux , France , September 10 - 15 , 2007 DAFX - 1 ADAPTIVE FM SYNTHESIS

This article describes an adaptive synthesis technique based on frequency (phase) modulation of arbitrary input signals. The background and motivation for the development of the technique, as well as related work, are discussed. A detailed description of delay line-based phase modulation of sinusoidal and complex signals is provided. The basic design of an implementation of the technique is presented and commented. A series of examples using four different instrumental sources are discussed. The results show a wide range of possible effects through the use of the technique, from addition of higher components, to changes in the odd-even harmonic balance and the introduction of controlled inharmonicity.